• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A clockwork (20) with a drive (2), a gear ratio with several gears (4-7), an escapement comprising an escape wheel (26) and an armature (9) and a gear regulator has an intermediate wheel (21) or a rotatable bar on, which is arranged between the last gear (7) of the gear ratio and the escape wheel (26). The intermediate wheel (21) is arranged coaxially to the escape wheel (26), a pin (22) being arranged on the intermediate wheel (21) eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the intermediate wheel (21) and a spiral spring (23) attached to this pin (22) which spirals around the pin (22). A gear wheel (24) is mounted on the pin (22) to rotate freely. The radially outer end of the spiral spring (23) is connected to the gear wheel (24) by a connecting element (25). A toothing (27) on the escape wheel (26) meshes with the toothing of the gear (24). The storage of the drive energy in the spiral spring (23) enables, instead of a clocked movement, a continuous movement of the gears (4-7), whereby only the escape wheel (26) is stopped and accelerated. Thanks to the lower driving force required, the movement (20) has a longer running time, increased rate accuracy and less noise with less wear and tear.
    公开号:CH710502B1
    申请号:CH01716/15
    申请日:2015-11-25
    公开日:2020-09-15
    发明作者:Schlumpf Florian
    申请人:Schlumpf Innovations Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical area
    The invention relates to a clockwork, in particular with an orbital drive, in particular for large clocks such as tower or wall clocks.
    State of the art
    In known large clocks such as wall clocks or tower clocks, a spring or a weight is used to drive an escape wheel via a gear ratio. The movement of the escape wheel is controlled by the anchor (anchor escapement), which releases a tooth of the escape wheel in a certain time interval.After the release and movement to the next tooth, the escape wheel is stopped again. The mass of the entire gear train, i.e. the entire gear ratio with several gears, the clock stopped, and when releasing the same mass must be accelerated again. Stopping and accelerating not only cause the well-known ticking of the clock but also blows to the teeth of the escape wheel and the anchor pins of the anchor, whereby this constant, violent impact leads to wear and tear of the escape wheel. Every time the escape wheel stops rotating, a lot of energy is lost, and this energy has to be used again at the next cycle to accelerate the entire gear train.A conventional clockwork of this type is shown in FIG. Such a clockwork 1 is driven by a weight 2 which is attached to a first wheel axle 3 by a cord. A gear train with several gears 4-7 is used to transmit the torque to an escape wheel 8. The armature 9 with anchor pins 10 and a pendulum 11 as a speed regulator of the clockwork moves back and forth according to the movement of the pendulum 11 with a certain length. As a result, the pins 10 of the armature move so that the pins move away from the space between the escape wheel pins 12 of the escape wheel 8 and then again reach into the next space and stop the movement again. Thus, a movement of the escape wheel 10 is periodically released and stopped again in accordance with the pendulum movement.
    Presentation of the invention
    It is the object of the present invention to provide a novel clockwork, in particular for a large clock, which, compared to prior art clockworks, requires less drive energy for operation.
    This object is achieved according to the invention by a clockwork according to claim 1. The clockwork has a drive, a gear transmission with several gears for transmitting torque to an escape wheel, an escapement and a gear regulator. According to the invention, the clockwork has an intermediate gear or a bar rotating at its center, which is connected between the last gear of the gear ratio and the escape wheel, the intermediate gear or the rotatable bar and the escape wheel being arranged coaxially to one another. A pin, which runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the intermediate gear or rotatable bar and the escape wheel, is fixedly arranged on the intermediate gear or rotatable bar, eccentrically to the axis of the intermediate gear or rotatable bar. A spiral spring is attached to this pin and runs spirally around the pin. In addition, an additional gear wheel is freely rotating on this pin. The radially outer end of the spiral spring is firmly connected to an element which extends parallel to the pin from the spiral spring to the additional gear and is attached to the gear. According to the invention, the escape wheel has a toothing, the toothing of the escape wheel engaging the toothing of the additional gear.
    As a drive, for example, a spring or a weight drives the intermediate gear arranged coaxially to the escape wheel via the several gears of the gear ratio, but the intermediate gear is not directly connected to the escape wheel.
    The pin with the spiral spring and the additional gear freely rotating on it is arranged, for example, on the circumference of the intermediate gear.
    While the additional gear is mounted freely rotating on the pin on the intermediate gear, it is, however, coupled to the intermediate gear via the spiral spring. When the idler wheel rotates while the escape wheel is stationary, the additional gear rolls off the escape wheel. The spiral spring is tensioned until there is a state of equilibrium between the drive torque of the clockwork and the torque stored in the spiral spring.
    For example, if an anchor of the escapement releases a tooth of the escape wheel, the energy stored in the spiral spring accelerates the freely rotating gear and thus the escape wheel. The inertia to be overcome is small because the escape wheel can only consist of a ring, since no torque has to be transmitted between the hub and the outer ring. The drive energy acts directly on the toothing on the outer ring of the escape wheel. With this short-term acceleration of the escape wheel, the entire drive mechanism of the clockwork with its large mass and inertia does not have to be accelerated. The inertia involved in the acceleration process of the escape wheel is therefore very low.
    Thanks to the additionally possible gear ratio between the intermediate gear and the escape wheel, the lowest possible torque results, which must be provided for the acceleration of the escape wheel and causes its continued rotation in the shortest possible time.
    Due to the intermittent nature of the torque transmission to the escape wheel and the mass inertia of the intermediate wheel, which can be selected as desired, in combination with the spring storage of the torque in the spiral spring of the additional gear, the result is an almost uniform rotation of the intermediate wheel and thus of the entire upstream drive train of the clockwork up to the spring or weight drive.
    The escape wheel is therefore not directly from the gearbox, i.e. driven by the gears of the gear ratio, but via the intermediate gear connected upstream. If the escape wheel is at a standstill, the idler gear, driven by a weight, rotates until the torque stored in the spiral spring is in equilibrium with the drive torque.If the escape wheel is released by the armature, the additional gear, which can be made small and low-mass, accelerates the low-mass escape wheel rapidly by virtue of the stored spring energy.In the clockwork according to the invention, the entire drive train, with the exception of the escape wheel, moves approximately evenly and continuously and is not subjected to the clocked, force-consuming stopping and re-acceleration.Even a large to very large watch mechanism can be operated with very modest drive energy, which has a positive effect on running time, smoothness, accuracy, noise development and wear behavior.
    The almost uniform rotational movement of the entire gear ratio, so all gears, requires a smaller drive torque than would be required with a start-stop rhythm of the clockwork as in a conventional clockwork for the periodic restart of the stationary gears and the escape wheel. This reduction in the required energy is based on the principle that sliding friction, which exists during continuous movement, is smaller than static friction. The clockwork according to the invention has no stationary wheels apart from the escape wheel. Therefore hardly any static friction has to be overcome.The escape wheel of a watch according to the invention can thus be accelerated in a very short time with little energy. In this way, a clockwork can be operated with the lowest possible drive force even with wheels weighing several hundred kilograms. The wear on the wheels, their teeth and the anchor pins is significantly reduced and a longer service life is possible without maintenance work.The minimum necessary drive forces enable the invention to be used, in particular, in large mechanical transmissions which are subject to an intermittent operating cycle.
    The lowest possible load on the drive train due to the continuous movement of the wheels in the entire drive train and the absence of jolts and abrupt interruptions in the power flow in the drive train enable a high level of accuracy through constant friction conditions. This results in the lowest possible noise development, since the masses to be braked by the armature and thus the impact energy of the escape wheel pins on the armature are small.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the clockwork not only has an additional, freely rotating gear but two or more additional, freely rotating gears of the same type and arrangement in the clockwork, which are each arranged on a pin that is fixed to the intermediate gear are connected, these pins are arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the intermediate wheel and run parallel to the axis of rotation of the intermediate wheel. Each of the pins, that is to say the axes of the additional gearwheels, each have a spiral spring, the outer end of which is firmly connected to the additional gearwheel via an element running parallel to the axis of the gearwheel. In addition, the teeth of each of the additional gears mesh with the teeth of the escape wheel.
    In one embodiment, the regulator of the clockwork is designed as a pendulum.
    In a further embodiment, the drive is implemented by a spring or a weight.In a further embodiment, the escapement has an anchor with anchor pins.In a further embodiment, the toothing on the escape wheel is an external toothing.In a further embodiment, the toothing on the escape wheel is an internal toothing.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the intermediate wheel is realized by a wheel with spokes and a circumferential ring or, in a variant, only by a beam mounted on the axis of rotation of the intermediate wheel, on which the one or more pins are arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation, in turn a spiral spring and a freely rotating additional gear are arranged on each of the eccentric pins, and an element firmly connected to the spiral spring and the gear extending parallel to the pin.
    [0018] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a clockwork shown schematically. The same reference symbols in the different figures each indicate the same elements.
    Brief description of the figures
    [0019]<tb> <SEP> FIG. 1 shows a movement according to the prior art, as already explained at the beginning.<tb> <SEP> FIG. 2 shows a clockwork according to the invention in its entirety.<tb> <SEP> Figure 3 shows part of the clockwork from Figure 2 according to III.<tb> <SEP> Figure 4 shows part of the movement from Figure 2 according to IV.
    Embodiment of the invention
    Figure 2 shows an example of a clockwork 20 according to the invention in its entirety. FIGS. 3 and 4 show part of the basically same clockwork as in FIG. 2 in an enlargement in order to show the elements according to the invention more clearly. In Figure 3 and 4, in contrast to Figure 2, the intermediate wheel 21 is designed as a light wheel 21a with spokes 21b and a circumferential ring.The weight 2 serves as a drive for the gear ratio with the several gears 4-7, which is used to translate the torque from axis 3 to the escape wheel 26. According to the invention, an intermediate gear 21, which is arranged coaxially with the escape wheel 26, is now arranged between the last gear 7 of the gear ratio and the escape wheel 26. A pin 22 is fixedly arranged on its circumference with a spiral spring 23 which runs around the pin 22. At its radially outer end, a connecting element 25 running parallel to the pin 22 is attached, which is connected to a gear 24 which is freely rotating on the pin 22. The toothing of the freely rotating gear 24 engages in an external toothing of the escape wheel 26. The freely rotating gear 24 is therefore connected in terms of force to the intermediate gear 21 via the spiral spring 23.The escape wheel 26 is therefore not directly from the gearbox, i. driven by the drive 2 with axis 3 and the gear ratio with the several gears 4-7, but via the intermediate gear 21 connected upstream.
    The escape wheel 26 stands still when it is stopped in its rotation by the inhibition, more precisely by the anchor pins 10 of the armature 9 between the escape wheel pins 12. Then, however, the intermediate wheel 21 driven by the weight 2 continues to rotate until the torque stored in the spiral spring 23 is in equilibrium with the drive torque.
    If the escape wheel 26 is now released by the movement of a pendulum 11 (only shown in Figures 3 and 4 in part and shown in Figure 1) on the armature 9 and by a lateral movement of the anchor pins 10, the low-mass additional gear 24 accelerates force of the stored spring energy of the spiral spring 23, the escape wheel 26, which is also low in mass.
    Even a very large clockwork with gears 4-7 can be operated with very modest drive energy, which has a favorable effect on running time, smoothness, accuracy, noise and wear behavior.
    List of reference symbols
    1 prior art movement 2 drive, weight 3 axis 4 gear 5 gear 6 gear 7 gear 8 escape wheel 9 armature 10 anchor pin 11 speed regulator, pendulum 12 escape wheel pin 13-19-20 clockwork according to invention 21, 21a intermediate gear 21b spoke 21c Axis of rotation of idler gear 21 22 pin, firmly connected to idler gear 23 spiral spring 24 gear, freely rotating on pin 22 25 element, connecting element 26 escape wheel 27 toothing on escape wheel 26
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Clockwork (20), in particular for large clocks, with a drive (2), a gear transmission with several gears (4-7) for transmitting a drive torque to an escape wheel (26) of an escapement, an armature interacting with the escape wheel (26) (9) and a regulatorcharacterized in thatthe clockwork has an intermediate wheel (21) or a bar rotatable about its center point, which is arranged between the last gear (7) of the gear ratio and the escape wheel (26), the intermediate gear (21) or the rotatable bar and the escape wheel (26) are arranged coaxially, and a pin (22) is fixedly arranged on the intermediate wheel (21) or rotatable beam, which pin (22) extends eccentrically away from the axis of rotation of the intermediate wheel (21) or rotatable beam, on this pin (22) a spiral spring (23) is attached, which runs helically around the pin (22), and on this pin (22) an additional gear (24) is freely rotating, and the radially outer end of the spiral spring (23) with an element (25) is connected, which extends parallel to the pin (22) from the spiral spring (23) to the additional, freely rotating gear (24) and is attached to this gear (24), and a toothing on the escape wheel (26) (27) is provided that engages in the teeth of the additional, freely rotating gear (24).
    [2]
    2. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe pin (22) firmly connected to the intermediate gear (21) is arranged on the circumference of the intermediate gear (21).
    [3]
    3. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thattwo or more pins (22) are firmly connected to the intermediate wheel (21) or the rotatable beam and on each of these two or more pins (22) a spiral spring (23) and a freely rotating gear (24) is arranged The toothing engages the toothing (27) of the escape wheel (26) and each spiral spring (23) is connected to the freely rotating gear (24) by an element (25) running parallel to the pin (22).
    [4]
    4. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe regulator is a pendulum (11).
    [5]
    5. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe escapement has an anchor (9) with anchor pins (10).
    [6]
    6. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe drive is a weight or a spring.
    [7]
    7. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe intermediate wheel (21) is a wheel (21a) with spokes (21b) and a circumferential ring, on which the one eccentric pin (22) or several eccentric pins (22) each with freely rotating gear wheels (24), spiral springs (23) and elements (25) from the spiral springs (23) to the freely rotating gearwheels (24) are arranged.
    [8]
    8. clockwork (20) according to claim 1characterized in thatthe toothing (27) on the escape wheel (26) is an external or internal toothing.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH710502A2|2016-06-15|
    DE102015120206A1|2016-06-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2020-09-30| PCOW| Change of address of patent owner(s)|Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: HERAWISWEG 13, 7203 TRIMMIS (CH) |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH18422014|2014-12-01|
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